ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF GOODS AND SERVICES EXPORTED FROM RUSSIA

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the competitiveness of Russian goods and services on foreign markets. The structure of exports of Russian goods and services to foreign countries and the CIS is considered. The analysis of the commodity nomenclature of Russian exports in two groups has been carried out: goods with a low degree of technological processing and goods with a high degree of technological processing, a comparison of export of these goods from the Russian Federation and other countries is presented. The collected statistics on the export of goods and services clearly illustrates the range of products manufactured in Russia and makes it possible to identify the positions in which the state is a leader and in which it is an outsider on the world stage. It is proved that products of low and medium technologies are mainly competitive in the Russian Federation, the problem of orientation of the country's economy towards the production of goods of the fuel and raw materials complex is revealed. It is shown that more than half of all exports are accounted for by two groups of goods of low technological processing: metals and mineral products. The services market has been studied and it has been found that the services sector accounts for more than half of the country's GDP, however, the share of services in the country's exports remains at an extremely low level, the import of services to Russia exceeds the export of services from the country, while the largest economies in the world (USA, UK, France; China, India) show opposite figures. The tendency of the Russian economy deformation towards the exploitation of fossil resources is indicated, leading the country to import dependence. The negative consequences of the Russian economy orientation to the «banana republic model», which is characterized by the export of unprocessed raw materials and the import of high-tech goods, are indicated. The conclusion is made about the consolidation of the negative position of Russia in the international division of labor and the loss of competitiveness of the sectors that ensure the economic security of the country.

Keywords: import dependence, competitiveness, coefficient of revealed comparative advantages, «oil» and «banana» economies, products of primary processing, developed countries, goods with a high and low degree of technological processing, export of goods and services

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About the Author

Anastasia V. Potapenko – Cand. Sci. (Economics); Associate Professor, Saint Petersburg Branch of the Russian Customs Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russia. E-mail: potapenkonastya@rambler.ru. SPIN РИНЦ 5055-7918. ORCID 0000-0002-8361-6139. ResearcherID HDM-3594-2022

For citation: Potapenko A.V. Assessment of the Competitiveness of Goods and Services Exported from Russia // BENEFICIUM. 2022. Vol. 4(45). Pp. 65-72. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.34680/BENEFICIUM.2022.4(45).65-72