ANALYSIS OF THE ESSENCE OF DEFINITIONS RELATED TO SCIENTIFIC AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES

  • L.V. Kokh Saint Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
  • M.A. Shubin Saint Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34680/BENEFICIUM.2025.4(57).37-45

Abstract

In the context of the Russian Federation’s pursuit of technological sovereignty, the importance of institutional coherence in the conceptual framework of science, technology, and innovation policy is growing. The study addresses the problem of conceptual ambiguity in economic literature regarding the nature and interrelationships of key processes that underpin the country’s technological independence as namely, innovative, intellectual, research, and scientific-technical activities. Despite their frequent use in strategic documents and economic policy discourse, there is no unified theoretical framework that enables clear differentiation among these processes based on their economic essence, driving forces, resource requirements, and long-term impacts on the structural transformation of the economy. The purpose of the study is to conduct an in-depth analysis and systematization of existing definitions related to scientific and innovative activities, identifying their similarities and differences, to identify their similarities and differences, and to examine the interconnections among various forms of scientific and innovative activity. The scientific novelty of this work lies in identifying systemic inconsistencies in how key concepts are interpreted in normative legal acts and economic theory, thereby laying the theoretical groundwork for future proposals to unify a conceptual model that unambiguously specifies the objectives, inputs, outputs, and key stakeholders of each type of scientific and innovative activity. The study concludes that standardizing the terminological framework is essential to enhance coordination among participants in the innovation ecosystem and to ensure sustainable technological development, thereby strengthening the competitiveness of the Russian economy. The findings of this research can be used to improve the national innovation system, increase the institutional effectiveness of science and technology policy, and support the structural transformation of the economy through endogenous growth.

Keywords: innovation activity, intellectual activity, scientific research, scientific-technical activities, development work, exploratory research, applied research, technological sovereignty, fundamental research

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For citation: Kokh L.V., Shubin M.A. Analysis of the Essence of Definitions Related to Scientific and Innovative Activities // BENEFICIUM. 2025. Vol. 4(57). Pp. 37-45. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.34680/BENEFICIUM.2025.4(57).37-45

Published
2025-11-28
Issue
No 4 (2025)
Section
SECTORAL REGULARITIES OF MARKET TRANSFORMATION